Laser induced MXene-derived oxide based advanced supercapacitor for wireless applications

The development of energy storage systems for wireless and wearable electronics requires electrode materials that combine high energy density, mechanical flexibility, and long-term cycling stability. Here, we present a laser-engineering strategy for Ti₃C₂Tx MXene electrodes that induces surface oxidation and forms a hybrid structure comprising in-situ grown TiO₂ nanostructures embedded on a conductive MXene matrix. This laser processing restructures the Ti₃C₂Tx electrode surface into a porous, heterogeneous interface that enhances ion accessibility, suppresses sheet restacking, and introduces additional Ti₄+/Ti₃+ redox-active sites. Electrochemical characterisation reveals enhanced areal capacitance and rate performance across aqueous, redox-active, and quasi-solid-state gel electrolytes compared to untreated Ti₃C₂Tx and laser-induced graphene electrodes. Laser-induced Ti₃C₂Tx-based supercapacitors exhibit a two-fold increase in specific areal capacitance compared to the laser-induced graphene-based cell, along with an excellent cycling stability over 20,000 charge-discharge cycles. Furthermore, integrating these cells with low-power electronic components, including wireless card readers, validates the potential of this approach for practical energy storage in next-generation portable devices.